The birth of a child is the most joyful time in a mother’s life. However, after some time, paying attention to the baby, you may notice that tears accumulate at the bottom of one or both eyes. At first glance, it seems that this is just a trifle that should not be paid attention to. But these thoughts are fundamentally wrong, since a congenital anomaly can even threaten the life of a child. Therefore, it is important to begin treatment for dacryocystitis in newborns as quickly as possible.
How does the disease occur?
Dacryocystitis is an inflammatory process in the ocular lacrimal sac involving the lacrimal ducts in the disease. Normally, the produced tears flow through the nasolacrimal duct into the nasal cavity. In this case, fluid stagnation at the bottom of the eye does not occur. As a result of disorders occurring in utero, in some children, remnants of fetal tissue remain in the lacrimal ducts. This creates the preconditions for causing stagnation of tear fluid in the eye, where infection subsequently develops.
Dacryocystitis of newborns is a borderline pathology that can resolve on its own after a maximum of two weeks. If this does not happen, then the disease is considered chronic and requires specific treatment. But not only newborns are susceptible to this problem. Dacryocystitis in children can also be acquired. It occurs a year or more after birth.
Main causes of the disease:
- congenital anomalies of the lacrimal ducts;
- infectious diseases of the eye;
- traumatic injuries of the orbital region.
As the disease progresses, an infection occurs, which is caused by bacterial pathogens. Most often, the source of inflammation is staphylococcus or streptococcus.
What drops are used for dacryocystitis?
Drops for dacryocystitis help stop the spread of infection, kill pathogenic bacteria and microorganisms. Treatment of an eye disease such as dacryocystitis is complex. Along with drug therapy, massage, folk remedies and surgery are used.
An important role in this process is played by eye drops, which are prescribed by the doctor to help the eyes and body fight the disease. Dacryocystitis is usually understood as inflammation of the lacrimal sac of one or both eyes, which is chronic.
What drops are prescribed for the treatment of dacryocystitis?
The reasons for this condition may be:
- narrowing of the nasolacrimal canal or its blockage;
- inflammation in the nasal cavity or sinuses, which are located near the nose;
- inflammation of the bones in the skull surrounding the lacrimal sac.
The results of this process are the retention of the outflow of tear fluid, the development of a pathogenic environment, inflammation of the mucous membrane in the bag, which causes complications of a purulent-septic nature, meningitis, and brain abscess. This disease is dangerous for both newborns and adults.
Therefore, treatment should begin at the moment the disease is diagnosed. An integrated approach to the treatment of the disease is due to the fact that dacryocystitis can cause quite serious complications. Of the medications used in treatment, drops and antibiotics are most often used.
You can only use medications that are prescribed by your doctor. The drops should help flush out the pus that accumulates throughout the day and stop the growth of bacteria and the spread of harmful microorganisms.
List of titles
Drops should effectively fight the disease, so doctors prescribe the following drugs:
- Gentamicin;
- Tobrex;
- Levomycetin;
- Furacilin;
- Vitabact;
- Vigamox;
- Oftaquix;
- Ciprofloxacin;
- Oftalmoferon.
Methods of application
The drops must be instilled according to the scheme established by the doctor. Usually it is necessary to drip throughout the day, and in the evening apply ointment to the lower eyelid. This perfectly helps eliminate inflammation and has an antiseptic effect. Before using any eye drops, you should rinse your eyes with antibacterial solutions. This is done either at home or in the hospital.
Treatment with drops is complemented by various anti-inflammatory drugs. This could be paracetamol, antibiotics, hormonal agents. In order not to injure newborns and children by taking pills, the doctor tries to select drops that contain an antibiotic.
For example, Tobrex and Vigamox can be used for up to a year, and Oftaquix is prescribed for older people. Levomycytin or Gentamicin is used for all age groups, but the use of Ciproflocasacin is strictly prohibited for newborns.
For children, as well as adults, they try not to prescribe Albucid for dacryocystitis, since it burns strongly, causes the formation of crystals and thickens the embryonic membrane. In particularly advanced cases, several types of eye drops may be prescribed. In this case, the period between instillation should be 15 minutes.
A good addition to one or another type of eye drops is chamomile tincture, furatsilin or tea. These liquids can also be used as eye drops. It is important that the liquid is at room temperature and always fresh. Apply 5 to 7 drops to each eye. You should immediately collect the pus with cotton swabs so that it does not interfere with the action of the drops.
Drops for the treatment of dacrycystitis
What properties does Tobrex have?
This medicine is one of the most effective in the treatment of dacryocystitis. According to its properties, it belongs to local antibiotics, which is actively used in ophthalmology. The active components are Tobromycin, which is an antibiotic, boric acid, Tylaxopol, sulfuric acid, etc. Among the properties of Tobrex, the following are worth noting:
- has a bacteriostatic effect, i.e. blocks the spread of infection and disrupts protein synthesis;
- carries out a bactericidal effect, causing dysfunction of cytoplasmic membranes, kills microbes.
Tobrex is prescribed for the treatment of diseases in children and adults such as conjunctivitis, keratitis, iridocyclitis, dacryocystitis, blepharitis, etc. Quite often used for preventive measures, especially after eye surgery.
The treatment regimen is determined and adjusted by an ophthalmologist. Among the adverse reactions and contraindications, the clinical picture is not very pronounced, so the drug is allowed to be used by children and adults. Various allergic reactions may be observed, which usually manifest themselves as conjunctival hyperemia, itching, burning, swelling of the upper or lower eyelid, development of erythema, and increased production of tears.
Contraindications for use include hypersensitivity to the active substances of the drops and taking other medications. Tobrex can only enhance side effects, for example, mineral metabolism is disrupted, nephrotoxic or ototoxic effects occur.
Bacteria that are not sensitive to the active substance of the drug
It is worth considering that taking these eye drops for a sufficiently long time causes increased growth of so-called non-susceptible microorganisms and fungi. Therefore, a culture test must be taken before starting therapy and after its completion.
During treatment, you should stop wearing contact lenses and driving, as the medication may impair your vision. If a person works with machinery, equipment, or machines, then he must take out sick leave for the duration of treatment so as not to receive injuries of varying degrees of severity.
The use of Tobrex requires precautions. For example, there is no need to deviate from the treatment regimen established by the doctor. Tobrex should be used with caution by women who are at different stages of pregnancy or are breastfeeding. Usually breastfeeding is stopped during the treatment period.
The bottle, which is opened for use, is only allowed to be used for 30 days.
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How does the disease manifest itself?
The main symptoms of dacryocystitis in a child appear immediately in the neonatal period. These include:
- lacrimation in the conjunctival sac;
- lacrimation;
- hyperemia in the corner of the eye;
- purulent discharge from the affected organ of vision.
In newborns, tears are sterile. Purulent discharge appears no earlier than the end of the first week of life. It intensifies when pressing on the corner of the eye. Only the congenital process in newborns, associated with the presence of tissue debris in the lacrimal ducts, goes away on its own. If symptoms of the disease persist during the first two weeks, then the child must be treated.
If treatment is not carried out on time, a serious complication may arise - phlegmon of the lacrimal sac.
The symptoms of this complication are as follows:
- severe swelling of the orbital area;
- sharp redness in the corner of the eye;
- high fever;
- serious condition of the child;
- inflammatory changes in the blood.
Phlegmon is malignant. If therapy is not prescribed quickly, the pus quickly spreads and enters the cranial cavity, which leads to the development of fatal complications.
The use of instillation solutions, why they are useful
With any method of treating dacryocystitis in newborns, additional use of eye drops is justified. They can also be used as the main means of therapy.
The advantage of the drops is that they begin to act immediately . The use of drops for dacryocystitis is associated with the nature of the disease and the age of the patient.
They affect many pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Drops for dacryocystitis in newborns are used from the beginning of the baby’s life.
In the first stage of the disease in newborns and children under 3 years of age, after clearing the tear ducts, the doctor often prescribes some of the following medications:
- Tobrex;
- Vitabact;
- Collargol.
How to treat the disease
Dacryocystitis in children is treated using conservative and surgical measures. The main principles on which the treatment is based are as follows:
- lacrimal sac massage;
- antibacterial drops into the conjunctival cavity;
- probing and washing the lacrimal ducts;
- dacryocystorhinostomy.
In newborns, massage plays a vital role. It is carried out by the mother with special movements, which are shown by the treating specialist. The massage must be carried out from top to bottom, the area of the lacrimal sac is massaged, movements should be jerky. This allows you to break through the tear ducts. In this case, the tissue that interferes with the movement of tear fluid enters the nasal cavity and is brought out.
If pus appears in the corner of the child’s eye, this means that congenital dacryocystitis is complicated by infection. In this case, massage alone is ineffective. Antibacterial drops are used to treat the baby. In newborns, drops containing sulfacyl sodium and chloramphenicol are allowed. Both options are highly effective, but the first irritates the conjunctival mucosa, which can contribute to pain.
What operating procedures are used?
If the symptoms of the disease persist during the first month of the baby’s life, then massage and the use of drops have no effect. In this situation, probing of the lacrimal canal is indicated. It is important not to delay this manipulation, since the usefulness of this procedure up to eight months of age is 90–93%. And after this age period, probing is no longer effective. After 12 months it is no longer performed at all.
The probing procedure is outpatient. It is carried out with two probes – conical and cylindrical. The first is to expand the lacrimal canal, the second is inserted directly along the entire length of the lacrimal ducts to clear mechanical obstacles to the movement of tears. After removing the probe, the nasolacrimal canal is washed. If the rinsing fluid comes out through the nose, the procedure is considered successful. After probing, antibacterial drops are prescribed into the conjunctival sac for 10 days to prevent secondary infection.
If dacryocystitis in children persists after the first year of life, or appears secondary to injury or infection, then treatment is carried out using a complex operation - dacryorincystostomy. The essence of the surgical intervention is the formation of an anastomosis between the lacrimal sac and the nasal cavity.
Recovery treatment after such an operation is long, so it is better to perform probing in the early stages.
