Lesson 1. The most common methods of teaching children to count

Basic spelling rules

Spelling skills can be practiced online. But to work with such simulators, you need to familiarize yourself with the theory:

Complex numerals should be written together. These include, for example, “thirty”, “forty”, “fourteen”, i.e. numbers from 10 to 20 and round tens.
Fractional and composite designations are written in several words, for example: “forty-two”, “two-thirds”.
Words that end in -thousandth, -millionth, -billionth should be written together, i.e. in one word.
As for zero, this form of writing is used mainly for case variations. "Zero" is used in the nominative case and in less formal situations.

Particular attention should be paid to writing the soft sign in numbers in words. This is where the most misunderstandings arise:

In the middle of words from 15 to 19, a soft sign is not written, but is present at the end (“sixteen”, “nineteen”).
The soft sign is present in the middle of numerals from 50 to 80, from 500 to 900.
At the end of words from 5 to 20 and “thirty” a soft sign is written.
The letter is found in the instrumental case of the words “four”, “eight”.

Special attention should be paid to the fact that “million” and “billion” are written with two “l”, “eleven” - with two “n”. These are, perhaps, all the rules that should be remembered when writing numbers in letters. And if you ever need to show off your literacy, you can easily do it.

How to write numbers in letters correctly?

Hello, dear readers! In this material we will tell you about in what cases it is worth writing numbers in letters and how to do it correctly so as not to seem illiterate. It is useful to explain these rules to an older child. It is best to learn the rules of spelling from childhood, so as not to get into trouble later. And if you still don’t know them, study them carefully.

When should you write numbers in words?

At school, Russian language teachers insistently require us to know numerals and the rules for writing them. For children, this topic is a real torment, since each number has its own characteristics.

However, as we grow up, we become convinced that in certain situations knowledge of grammar is not in vain. We don't have to put ourselves and others in an awkward position by asking how this or that numeral is spelled. Of course, such situations are rare in life. But if you work with money and accounting documents, computing skills alone are not enough.

When might knowledge of the spelling of numerical notations in Russian be needed by the average person?

when filling out receipts and other financial documents;
during the signing of contracts;
when receiving a sum of money at the post office, at a bank, etc.

If you have ever felt embarrassed by your own ignorance in such situations, then read on.

In addition to documentation, there are a number of rules that determine in which cases it is better to write numbers in words. It is not always necessary to completely replace numerical designations, but sometimes letters cannot be avoided:

in large ones it is better to write the first part in numbers and the second in letters (for example, 200 million);
if the number is at the beginning of the text, it is strictly forbidden to write it in numbers (with the exception of headings);
you need to indicate the percentage in the text (in this case we write it like this: “thirty percent”);
It is better to write numbers up to 10 in letters.

If your work involves texts that often contain numerical symbols, these rules are worth keeping in mind.

Writing a complex designation in words is not as easy as it might seem at first glance. You should familiarize yourself with the rules for writing individual numerals, which we will talk about next.

Basic spelling rules

Spelling skills can be practiced online. But to work with such simulators, you need to familiarize yourself with the theory:

Complex numerals should be written together. These include, for example, “thirty”, “forty”, “fourteen”, i.e. numbers from 10 to 20 and round tens.
Fractional and composite designations are written in several words, for example: “forty-two”, “two-thirds”.
Words that end in -thousandth, -millionth, -billionth should be written together, i.e. in one word.
As for zero, this form of writing is used mainly for case variations. "Zero" is used in the nominative case and in less formal situations.

Particular attention should be paid to writing the soft sign in numbers in words. This is where the most misunderstandings arise:

In the middle of words from 15 to 19, a soft sign is not written, but is present at the end (“sixteen”, “nineteen”).
The soft sign is present in the middle of numerals from 50 to 80, from 500 to 900.
At the end of words from 5 to 20 and “thirty” a soft sign is written.
The letter is found in the instrumental case of the words “four”, “eight”.

So, what should you pay attention to when writing in words?

for continuous or separate writing;
on the correct use of the soft sign;
for the presence of double consonants in a word.

If you have comments on the topic, dear readers, you can leave your comments. Any opinion you have is valuable to us.

How to conduct classes

We learn to write numbers by playing. A writing lesson should not be a dry memorization of writing rules one by one, but a creative activity that develops the imagination. It is desirable that the child understands what he writes. You can learn the meaning of numbers from the age of two.

At the age of five, you can begin to learn how to write numbers in copybooks. First you need to explain to your child what parts the cell in the notebook consists of. Where is the top side, where is the bottom side, right and left. The baby must find the center of the cage himself.

Copybooks

The next step will require specific writing tutorials. These notebooks contain examples of all numbers, highlighted in bold. Just below are fields for training, where each of the signs is depicted with dotted lines or dots.

It is advisable that the bold spelling be repeated on each line - the child should see whether he is writing this sign correctly or incorrectly.

Defines properties for spelling, synonyms, and hyphen checking. Select Tools - Options - Language Settings - Spelling. Contains installed language modules. The language module contains one, two or three submodules: spell checking, word separation and synonyms. Each submodule can be available for one or more languages. If you select a module, you will automatically activate all its supporting modules. If you deselect a module, its supporting modules will also be disabled.

If you want to enable or disable individual submodules, click the "Edit" button to open the module editing window. To change a language module, select it and click Change. The Edit Module dialog box opens. Displays a list of available user dictionaries. Check the custom dictionaries you want to use to check spelling and separate words.

Important: each sign occupies the entire cell in height. In this case, the right side of the number touches the same side of the cell - the sign has the correct slope.

How does the “amount in words online” calculator work?

Enter the numerical version of the amount in rubles in the calculator field. The program will respond to the entered number automatically and offer a verbal formulation of the amount. It will be written below the number field immediately after entering the numbers. There is no need to press anything additional.

The capitalization appears exactly in the version that is accepted for financial documents: rubles are indicated in words, kopecks in numbers, this is the rule. The amount is written with a capital letter; the value of the amount in rubles and kopecks is not separated by a comma or other punctuation mark (period, parenthesis). For example: “Twenty thousand five hundred one ruble 51 kopecks.”

If you need to indicate the number of kopecks in the amount, write them after a comma or period as part of the number. Space cannot be used for this purpose. For example: “20500.56” or “346.5”.

If the amount is a whole amount, without kopecks, write the number without a comma and zeros after it. For example: “3000000”. The calculator will understand everything itself and offer a capital version of the amount with the addition: “00 kopecks.” But indicating the amount as a decimal fraction with zeros after the decimal point is also acceptable. For example: “100.00”. The third decimal place (period) cannot be placed.

Be careful when writing large numbers, especially those with several zeros in a row.

What do you need to know when learning to write?

If a preschooler asks you to teach him to write, then during teaching, adhere to the following rules:

Be sure to praise your child during classes for any of his successes and do not scold him if something suddenly doesn’t work out for him;
start learning with simple tasks, first draw along the dots, then along the dotted lines;
Only after the baby understands how to write printed letters and numbers can he move on to writing capital letters.

There is no need to spend a lot of time on classes; 20 minutes a day is enough. There will be enough of them so that the child can learn something, but at the same time he will not get bored and will always be interested.

Writing numbers should be meaningful, so you should, first of all, learn to count to 10. You can start memorizing numbers by the age of 4-5, and when you start writing them with your child, be sure to tell him the names so that he remembers.

So where to start:

Teach your baby to navigate the arrangement of cage elements. He must be able to determine its sides, upper and lower boundaries, divide the cell into 4 identical parts, find its center and corners.
An important step is teaching the child to maintain the angle of inclination while writing numbers. You can determine the slope as follows: draw a segment that will connect the upper right corner of your cell with a point placed in the middle of the lower edge.
Before moving directly to writing numbers, the child should practice drawing dashes, checkmarks, circles, and semi-ovals. It is from these elements that all numbers are made.

Important! The height of the number is always equal to the size of the cell in the copybook or notebook, so it occupies almost the entire part of the cell. The right edge of the number always touches the right side of the cell, without going beyond its edges.

Let's look at the example of writing the numbers 0 and 1. By analogy, you can independently teach your child how to write correctly:

Buy or download mathematical copybooks. First, the fidget must circle the numbers using dots, then dotted lines. On one line, examples should be repeated 2-3 times so that you can focus on them all the time. You can also buy a stencil for your baby; he will definitely like to trace various signs on it. To prevent loss of interest and boredom while practicing with copybooks, give your child the opportunity to draw circles, suns or hearts next to the numbers. With such entertainment we learn and absorb new material faster.

Learning numbers by dots

Copybook coloring pages with numbers

Letters

Before starting to write letters, the child must master the alphabet and understand what a particular sign looks like. Copybooks with block letters will definitely help him with this. Draw your child's attention to the boundaries of the lines, explain to him that the letters must be written so that they do not go beyond these boundaries. Conduct handwriting lessons with him in the form of a game, compare letters with various objects. For example, you can compare “O” to an inflatable ring, “C” to a month, and “U” to a slingshot. This will make your classes more fun and exciting, and it will be easier to remember the names and appearance.

Start learning how to write capital letters only after your child has mastered printed letters well. First, show several times how to correctly write a new sign. Comment on your actions, tell us how and where you draw the lines, what elements the letter consists of. Then write this letter together, help the preschooler in his first experiences with writing. For better understanding, you can show with your fingers in the air how to do it, and then ask your child to repeat after you. Once he succeeds, you can give him time to write on his own.

Engage with your child, develop his fantasy and imagination, train fine motor skills and coordination of movements, praise his every achievement. Then you will definitely be able to teach your child to write without spending a lot of time and nerves!

When learning to write, children simultaneously master writing two types of characters - letters and numbers. There are many common points in teaching how to write numbers and letters, but there are also differences that you need to pay attention to if you want to teach your child how to write numbers correctly and beautifully.

Preparatory stage

Children, as a rule, perceive the image of a number as a whole, without dividing it into individual constituent elements. Namely, this approach is necessary for the child to learn to write numbers quickly and without difficulty. Therefore, during the lesson, when you explain how to write this or that number, it is advisable to draw the child’s attention to the key points in writing this or that sign.

You should teach your child to be well versed in the arrangement of the elements of the cell that will be used to mark his student’s math notebook.

Required Skills

The student should be able to easily identify the right and left sides of a cell, its upper and lower borders;
Quickly find the center of the cell, its corners, the midpoints of all its sides;
It is desirable that the young student can visually divide the cell into four equal parts without any problems.
It is also necessary to teach how to observe the angle of inclination when writing numbers. To do this, show your child how to determine the slope by drawing a line segment that connects the upper right corner of the cell with a point placed in the middle of the lower edge.

For these exercises, it is better to print out an enlarged layout of the cell, simply put, a rectangle, maintaining the ratio of proportions inherent in notebook markings. At the initial stage of learning, it is better to use it to teach the child to navigate well in the parts of the cage.

Or you can buy ready-made options. For example, a reusable book “I’m learning to write numbers.” The good thing about these books is that they come with a special marker that you can erase and write on again. A great option to start preparing your hand for writing.

When should you write numbers in words?

At school, Russian language teachers insistently require us to know numerals and the rules for writing them. For children, this topic is a real torment, since each number has its own characteristics.

Methods of teaching writing numbers.

Number 1 consists of two elements - sticks, one of which is shorter than the other. The small stick is written first. Start writing it a little above the center of the cell and lead to the upper right corner of the cell. Then write the main slanted stick from the top right corner to the middle of the bottom side of the cell.

It is necessary to begin training first of all with the correct position at the table. Show your child how to hold a pen or pencil correctly and how to position a notebook or piece of paper.

Equally important when teaching the basics of mathematics are number cubes, dominoes, puzzles and other learning materials.

Children, due to their great imagination, can write numbers in a very unusual way or even start from the end point. But the point is not that there is some strict rule for writing numbers; their calligraphy depends on this.

A necessary condition for writing numbers is the child’s good development of fine motor skills and coordination of movements. Classes in modeling, sewing, visual arts, etc. are very useful.

The main thing when learning is meaningfulness.

First, parents should conduct oral instruction before writing numbers. Graphic writing of numbers should not be something abstract. The child is required to be able to count to 10, as well as recognize this or that number in printed form.
Secondly, the baby should be familiarized with the cage. For the first lesson, it is enough to draw a small cell on a landscape sheet and show its center, corners and sides, and also teach the preschooler to find the upper and lower boundaries, all sides of the cell and divide it into four equal parts.
Thirdly, you should start learning directly after the child can independently draw all the individual elements of a number - sticks, ovals, semicircles and dashes.

Dear adults! The copybooks are intended to prepare preschool children for writing in notebooks.

Example sentences

The number 8975 contains exactly 4 digits.
We were very happy when after the competition the judges gave us a high score - the number 5.
“Tell me the numbers in order,” the teacher said to Vova.
To call a friend in another city, Vasily Nikolaevich had to dial two additional digits.
While releasing the wall newspaper, the kids had fun coloring not only the letters, but also the numbers.
The riddle consisted of many numbers; not everyone was able to guess it.

Methodological recommendations for teachers on teaching writing letters and numbers, grade 1

Letter E

The capital letter E has two semi-ovals. We begin to curve from left to right towards ourselves, rounding down on the top line of the working line, then without lifting our hands we round from left to right towards ourselves and without reaching the bottom line we round the line.

Letter letter e

We start writing a loop from the middle of the working line, draw an inclined straight line up to the beginning of the top line, round it off, make a loop down, not reaching the bottom line, round it to the right. At the end of the letter we put two dots just above the top line of the working line.

Letter E

The capital letter E has two semi-ovals. We begin to curve from left to right towards ourselves, rounding down on the top line of the working line, then, without lifting our hands, we round from left to right towards ourselves and without reaching the bottom line we round the line. At the end of the letter, put two dots just above the middle of the line space.

Letter B

We start in the middle of the line space. We draw a straight line from top to bottom, not reaching the bottom line, round it to the left, touching it. We continue the smooth line upward, deviating to the right, crossing the straight line slightly below the interline space. We write a semi-oval line to the right, touching the interline space, deviating to the left. We draw a semi-oval line to the right, touching the top line, lower it down, round it to the left, touching the bottom line.

Letter V

We start writing from a loop slightly below the top line. We lead with a large slope upward beyond the top line. Before reaching the next top line, we round, write a loop and move the pen downwards, not reaching the bottom line, begin to round to the right, write a small oval, not reaching the top line.

Letter th

We write the letter without lifting the pen. From the top line we draw a straight line towards ourselves to connect with the second element of the letter. When we move the pen upward, we tilt the line more to the right than when writing towards ourselves. We brought the first element to the top line and without lifting our hands we begin to write down the second element. We follow what is written for some time, then leave a corner and, without reaching the bottom line, we round it to the right, but do not draw it to the top line, but only to the middle of the line. The third element is to write a small rounding from left to right just above the top working line.

Letter Y

We begin to write an inclined line with a curve to the right, just below the interline space, reaching the middle of the interline space, draw an inclined straight line down towards ourselves to the bottom line with

rounded to the right so that the corner is visible, and reaching the middle of the interline space at the same level from the first element, we draw down an inclined straight line without reaching the end and round it to the right. The third element is written just above the line space, a slight rounding from left to right.