How long does it take for babies to develop allergies?

Identify the allergen

Based on the signs of allergies, you need to find out what exactly caused such a reaction in the body. If the main symptom is a rash or itching, then most likely the “household” allergen is to blame, that is, something that the child could touch: animal fur, a poisonous plant, a cosmetic product, jewelry.

If you are worried about nausea, abdominal pain, gas formation and loose stools, the allergen entered through the esophagus, that is, you should remember what the child ate and drank, what medications he took over the last 2 days (the reaction may be delayed).

When all the unpleasant sensations occur in the eyes: itching, redness, tearing, swelling - look for an allergen among plants (their pollen is allergenic) or household irritants (dust, for example).

Cough, runny nose, sore throat are a consequence of an allergic reaction of the nasopharynx and bronchi to animal hair, dust, spores, and pollen.

What to do if you have allergies:

skin
– interrupt contact with the allergen, lubricate the site of the allergic reaction with antihistamine gel or ointment (“
Fenistil
”
gel
,
hydrocortisone ointment
), show the rash to a doctor;
food
– exclude the allergen from the child’s or mother’s diet, if the baby is on breastfeeding, give an antihistamine (“
Edem
”, “
Erius
”, “
Zodak
”, “
Fenistil
”) according to the instructions, consult a doctor;
ophthalmic
– ventilate the room, drip antiallergic eye drops for children (“
Cromoglin
”, “
Lecrolin
”, “
Opatanol
”), visit a doctor;
respiratory
- ventilate the room, drip a spray into the nose (
Bexonase
,
Flexonase
) or give an antihistamine (
Zyrtec
,
Claritin
,
Diazolin
), and be examined by a doctor.

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Causes of allergies

An allergy is an increased reaction of the immune system to a variety of substances. Signs of an allergic reaction can appear in a variety of areas of the body, last from several minutes to several days and have varying severity. In the same baby, the body’s excessive reaction at different ages manifests itself in its own way. It is quite difficult to predict in advance how the disease will progress in a particular child.

Substances that provoke the development of allergies:

Food;
household dust;
plant pollen;
insect poison;
animal hair;
fabrics and materials;
medications.

In young children, food allergies most often occur, in which the child cannot eat certain foods. This reaction of the body can be temporary, and after the liver enzyme systems mature, the disease goes away on its own. Products that cause allergies cease to be dangerous for a child after 3-5 years. In some children, intolerance to certain foods can develop into true allergies and last a lifetime.

Young children also often suffer from contact allergies. The cause of an undesirable reaction may be skin care products, synthetic clothing, and bedding. In this case, the disease manifests itself in the form of a small rash on the arms and legs. Rashes may appear throughout the body. After eliminating the source of irritation, the disease goes away on its own.

Advice
Use only high-quality cosmetics for child care.

At an older age, children are more likely to suffer from allergies to household dust and animal hair. Some foods may also cause an unwanted reaction. In preschool age, hay fever may occur - a seasonal allergic reaction to plant pollen. Often this form of the disease develops into bronchial asthma.

How long does it take for an allergy to appear - Health Prosto Medical Center in Yekaterinburg

Allergies are a fairly common disease. It occurs in both children and adults. From a medical point of view, an allergy is a reaction of the body’s immune system to foreign proteins entering the bloodstream. In response to the invasion, the body begins to produce specific antibodies - histamines.

Under their influence, human receptors begin to “repel the stranger,” that is, well-known allergy symptoms arise. How long it takes for an allergic reaction to appear and symptoms to appear depends on the method of entry of the allergen into the body and the individual characteristics of the patient. Read the article about how long it takes for different types of allergies to appear.

The mechanism of allergies

At the very first contact with the allergen, no reaction occurs. At this time, the immune system “studies” the stranger and produces protective antibodies. Symptoms begin to appear from the second exposure.

At this time, ready-made antibodies begin to fight the foreign protein – the allergen. How quickly an allergy manifests itself depends on the individual characteristics of the body. For some, a couple of minutes are enough, and sometimes symptoms are delayed for several days.

Peculiarities

An important feature of allergies is the possibility of delayed onset of symptoms. It happens that at the very beginning the manifestations are not noticeable at all or are insignificant: slight redness on the skin or a slight runny nose. Many people do not associate such symptoms with allergies.

It is worse if the patient begins to self-medicate and prescribes medications for colds, runny nose, and others. This does not affect the course of the allergy in any way, but it makes the clinical picture blurry and unclear for the doctor. Over time, the reaction intensifies, but during this time the allergy manages to affect many other organs.

In addition, the condition is often complicated by the occurrence of cross or polyvalent allergies. And the patient now requires much more serious treatment than at the very beginning. Therefore, it is important not to miss the first manifestations and consult a doctor in a timely manner.

He will help you identify the allergen and eliminate it, as well as select antihistamines that are suitable for your age and health condition.

It is important to know that the symptoms and speed of manifestation even for the same allergen may differ from person to person. Therefore, other people’s experience is not indicative here, and only an experienced physician can figure it out.

Food allergies

An allergy to food is called a food allergy. A reaction to food allergens can occur either instantly, within a few minutes, or after a few days. There are two types of its course: acute and chronic .

In acute allergies, the clinical picture is observed immediately after the allergen enters the body. Classic types of acute conditions are angioedema and anaphylactic shock. Acute respiratory symptoms may also develop.

The chronic course is characterized by a gradual and regular entry of the allergen into the body. Allergy symptoms will be detected some time after exposure begins. This is how eczema and allergic dermatitis usually manifest. The chronic form of respiratory manifestations can develop into asthma.

Food allergies will manifest themselves much faster in a child than in an adult. This is due to faster metabolic processes. On average, from the time food enters the stomach until the first symptoms appear in the acute form, it takes from thirty to sixty minutes.

This is the time during which food is processed and allergens from the stomach and intestines enter the bloodstream. If absorption occurs in the stomach, the allergy will appear almost instantly. It will take a little longer if absorption occurs in the intestines.

Food allergies in childhood have one pleasant feature: it can go away on its own by the age of three if you stick to a diet and avoid getting the allergen into the body.

This is due to the good permeability of the intestinal walls in young children and an insufficiently developed enzymatic system. By the age of three, there are enough enzymes for the normal perception of many foods, and the allergy disappears.

Therefore, the foods that most often cause allergies are not recommended for young children: honey, nuts, citrus fruits, chocolate.

Contact allergy

One of the fastest types of allergies. Most often, hypersensitivity occurs to various cosmetics and detergents, chemicals, and less often to plants, fruit and vegetable juices.

If a person is allergic to animal fur, he may develop a contact allergy when bitten or simply gets saliva on the skin.

The reaction to exposure to a foreign protein occurs almost instantly. No more than an hour passes from the moment of exposure to the allergen to the first redness. This is how urticaria and contact dermatitis manifest.

However, this type of allergy can “linger.” For example, if at the first intake of the allergen there was a very small amount, and the body produced a very small number of antibodies, then the reaction will not be noticeable. As you know, with each subsequent exposure, histamine begins to irritate the receptors more and more.

Therefore, in the first few contacts there may be no symptoms, or they will be mild. The strongest reaction will occur later, when there is more allergen and, accordingly, antibodies to it in the body.

Respiratory allergies

It is caused by substances in the surrounding air. When inhaled, they enter the lungs and from there into the bloodstream. Symptoms appear almost instantly, within a few minutes. Less common is a “delayed” allergy: before it manifests itself, the allergen “accumulates” in the body for a long time.

Respiratory allergies typically include respiratory symptoms: runny nose, cough, difficulty breathing, and swelling. With a high concentration of the allergen or individual sensitivity of a person, even Quincke's edema and anaphylactic shock are possible. Therefore, you need to seek help immediately.

Such an allergy can occur to pollen from various plants in the air, fur and particles of animal epidermis, chemicals, and combustion products. It happens that respiratory symptoms appear instantly, and after a few days they are joined by others, for example, atopic dermatitis.

Temperature allergy

Caused by human exposure to high or low temperatures. The “longest” type, symptoms can appear even a month after the first exposure. In summer it is a reaction to the Sun, and in winter it is a reaction to the cold.

It usually manifests itself as skin symptoms: atopic dermatitis or eczema.

Insect allergy

One of the fastest and most dangerous. Occurs from insect bites, most often bees. If you have an allergy, anaphylactic shock and Quincke's edema can develop within a few minutes. Therefore, at the slightest discomfort after a bite, call an ambulance.

How long does it take for allergies to appear and the reasons for their occurrence?

Many people know what allergies are and what consequences they can have. But usually this information is superficial. In order to be as prepared as possible for such a reaction of the body, you should understand what causes it and how long it takes for the allergy to manifest itself. In this case, the chance of minimizing the consequences increases significantly.

Possible causes of allergies

The human immune system is designed to protect the body from any external threats. Most often they are various pathogenic microorganisms, bacteria or toxins. An allergy implies an excessive reaction not only to such substances, but also to completely harmless products.

The reason for this mechanism is a blood component such as immunoglobulin. It is produced by the human immune system as an antibody against unwanted substances.

According to statistics, almost any product can be an allergen, but there are a number of foods that cause an excessive immune response much more often. These primarily include the following foods:

chocolate and chocolate products;
corn, rice;
milk and dairy products;
eggs (egg white);
Fish and seafood;
nuts (especially peanuts) and dried fruits;
wheat and some cereals;
products with a high soy content, etc.

Allergic reactions to foods first appear at an early age. But in fact, they can overtake a person at almost any period of his life, since they can become acquired.

Children's allergies go away by the age of five, although there are certain types of exceptions to this general rule. Some allergens accompany a person throughout his life.

These primarily include nuts (peanuts), crustaceans and molluscs.

Nowadays, almost all products add various additives, dyes and preservatives. Finding non-homemade food that does not contain these substances is quite difficult. In some people, it is these food ingredients that provoke severe allergic reactions.

At the same time, it is worth distinguishing between two similar, but essentially different concepts: allergies and individual intolerance. The first type of reaction of the human body to foods is very rare - it makes up only 1 percent of the total. In most cases, people develop individual intolerance to certain types of foods. These include:

corn-based food;
milk and dairy products;
some grains (especially grains with a high content of a component such as gluten).

Source: https://zdorovie-prosto.ru/zabolevaniya/cherez-kakoe-vremya-proyavlyaetsya-allergiya.html

Symptoms and complications

How to identify allergies in a baby? First of all, you should focus on the typical symptoms of allergies in children:

red rash on the skin (on the arms, legs, face, or all over the body);
swelling and redness of the skin;
itching and dry skin;
frequent sneezing;
nasal congestion;
labored breathing;
lacrimation;
tingling and numbness in the mouth;
loose stool.

What to do if your baby has at least one of the signs of an allergic reaction? The first step is to try to identify the cause of the disease. Perhaps these are new products introduced into the child’s diet quite recently? Skin care products, laundry detergent, a new shampoo - anything can trigger the development of an unwanted reaction. If, after eliminating the potential source of the problem, the allergy goes away within 1-3 days, there is no need to look for another cause of the disease.

With the arrival of spring, many children suffer from seasonal allergies. A typical hay fever patient looks like this:

red, swollen eyes;
profuse lacrimation;
constant sneezing;
copious light discharge from the nose;
severe difficulty in nasal breathing.

In temperate climates, hay fever occurs between April and September. At this time, trees, shrubs and field grasses are actively flowering. Most often, hay fever occurs in children who are prone to allergic reactions since childhood. Seasonal allergies go away on their own after the flowering season ends.

What should parents do if their child has allergies? Is it always necessary to treat the baby and can you wait until the allergen is eliminated from the body? Experts say: there is no need to delay treatment. Any allergy can provoke the development of serious complications:

anaphylactic shock;
Quincke's edema;
generalized urticaria;
convulsions;
coma.

In the absence of timely help, a seemingly harmless allergy can cause the death of a child. Do not delay in contacting a doctor when the first symptoms of the disease appear!

Non-drug treatment

Treating allergies is not just about taking medications. The success of therapy largely depends on changes in the child’s lifestyle. Any medications provide only a temporary effect, helping to fight the symptoms, but not the causes of the disease. What needs to be done in order to save the baby from the disease for a long time?

Most often, parents of young children have to deal with reactions to food. Non-drug treatment of food allergies in children is based on the following principles.

Eliminating the source of the problem

What should I do if my baby reacts to chicken, milk, nuts or any other foods? If, after eating oranges, an itchy rash appears on the child’s arms and legs, and a glass of milk provokes diarrhea? This reaction does not look very attractive, and the baby experiences some discomfort. It is especially difficult for teenagers who focus on their appearance. The appearance of a rash on the face, hands, or other exposed areas of the body can cause severe depression and other serious mental disorders.

An elimination diet is the basis for treating food allergies. Foods that cause an undesirable reaction are completely excluded from the child’s diet. The diet for each baby is developed individually. Problems do not arise if parents know exactly which foods provoke allergies in their child. But what to do if the exact cause of the disease is not known?

If an undesirable reaction manifests itself in the form of a rash on the face, arms or legs, accompanied by loss of stool, it should be dealt with using proven methods. Most doctors in this situation recommend a general hypoallergenic diet.

All foods that could potentially cause an exacerbation of the disease are excluded from the child’s diet:

cereals (wheat, rye, corn, oats);
vegetables (tomatoes, red peppers);
fruits (citrus fruits, peaches, apricots, persimmons);
berries (strawberries, blackberries);
Fish and seafood;
eggs;
nuts;
milk;
chocolate and cocoa.

Food allergies manifest themselves in different ways throughout life. In infants, intolerance to certain foods can be expressed in the form of acute diarrhea. Allergy on the face of a child in the form of a red itchy rash occurs in both newborns and children in the first three years of life. In older children, a food reaction makes itself felt by the appearance of wet spots in the folds of the skin (on the arms in the elbow pits and on the legs under the knee). Teenagers are more likely to suffer from dry and flaky skin in various parts of the body.

In fact, almost any food can trigger the development of allergies. In young children, the reaction most often occurs to cow's milk protein. In this regard, pediatricians advise avoiding consumption of dairy products and beef in the first years of a child’s life. Instead of beef, you can cook chicken or duck if your baby is not intolerant to these dishes.

Unfortunately, eating chicken instead of beef and veal is not a panacea. Many children also react to poultry. Very often there is a reaction to not only chicken, but also eggs - both in their pure form and as part of various products. In this situation, the baby cannot eat not only chicken, duck and eggs, but also any dishes that contain these components.

Advice
Eggs are included in many confectionery products and sweets. Read the product label before giving treats to your child.

Preschool children react not only to chicken and beef, but also to fish. The disease manifests itself as a small rash on the face, arms and legs. Characterized by severe itching and dry skin. Babies in the first year of life often experience stool failure due to errors in diet.

The strongest reaction was observed to nuts. Even a microscopic dose can cause anaphylactic shock. Very often, nut allergies occur in children suffering from hay fever and bronchial asthma.

Allergies to milk and dairy products occur in children in the first years of life. This reaction usually manifests itself as stool loss. It is possible that a rash may appear on the skin, including on the arms and legs, and in skin folds. The disease often resolves spontaneously at the age of 3-4 years.

Comfortable microclimate

Allergies in a child’s arms and legs are not always a consequence of food intolerance or a reaction to some external substance. A similar rash often occurs in teenagers under stress. A dysfunctional atmosphere at home, problems at school, conflicts with peers - all this can provoke an exacerbation of the disease. When the first symptoms of the disease appear, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions for the child and eliminate any sources of stress. Often, a change of environment and relaxation in the company of your closest friends and relatives helps to cope with the problem.

Factors that provoke food allergies

You can often hear complaints from mothers whose children suffer from food allergies: they say, the diet changes, we treat the intestines, and apply ointments - but the signs of food allergies in the child never go away

. “Most likely, the problem is not in food, or rather, not only in food,” I thought and began to look for an answer to the question of what could predispose to allergies besides nutrition.

It turns out that the essence of the problem may be as follows.

Substances that make up the allergen enter the blood only if they are not completely processed in the intestines

and continue to decompose in the body, turning into harmful ones. From there they can “come out” with urine and sweat (hence the rash on the body).

Of course, it is important to eliminate the allergen, but it is equally important to ensure that the food in the digestive system is completely processed, leaving a minimum amount of breakdown products.

This means that it is better not to feed the child

than to overfeed.

Experts have noticed that food allergies occur more often in chubby children than in thin ones. The conclusion suggests itself: perhaps an allergic child eats more food than he needs?

Due to overeating, harmful decay products appear in the intestines, which then enter the blood, and when the child sweats, these harmful substances “come out” on the skin in the form of rashes.

Thus, excess nutrition, excessive sweating and untimely bowel movements

– factors that predispose to food allergies, so they should be excluded.

Drug treatment

Allergies in a child can be treated using local and general remedies. The choice of treatment method will depend on the location and severity of the process. Only a doctor should treat allergies in children of any age. Self-administration of medications is not allowed.

Local treatment

Rashes on the arms, legs, or face can be treated with topical medications. In the acute stage, topical corticosteroids in the form of creams or ointments are used. The selected drug is applied in a thin layer to the affected area. The course of therapy is 10-14 days.

The second stage of treatment is caring for allergy-prone skin. For this purpose, special emollient creams are used to protect the skin from aggressive environmental factors. The cream is applied in a thin layer 1-2 times a day. In the evening, you should use the cream immediately after showering. Emollients can be used as a daily treatment for problem skin.

Seasonal allergies can also be treated locally. Pediatricians recommend treating hay fever accompanied by a runny nose with drugs based on cromoglycic acid (cromones). The nasal passages are first cleaned with saline solutions. Cromones are instilled into the nose, 1-2 drops in each nasal passage 2 times a day.

Instead of cromones, you can use topical corticosteroid drops. The effectiveness of hormonal drugs is much higher, and often only steroid drugs can relieve a child from constant sneezing and nasal congestion. Hay fever can also be treated with vasoconstrictors, but not more than 5 days in a row.

Systemic therapy

How to treat a child with severe manifestations of allergies? In case of severe manifestations of the disease, systemic drugs are prescribed. Among all medications, antihistamines have become the most popular. These drugs prevent the development of allergies and eliminate all the main symptoms of the disease. For therapy, medications are usually used in tablets, capsules or syrup form. For the youngest, antihistamines are available in drops.

How to understand that the disease has lost its ground? Recovery is indicated by the disappearance of the skin rash, normal nasal breathing and the absence of lacrimation. In children, you should pay attention to the nature of the stool. If the child looks healthy and happy with life, then the chosen therapy was effective. If the effect of treatment does not occur within 3 days, you should consult a doctor.

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Hello! Dear doctors, please help me determine what my baby is allergic to. Red bumps appear on our face, on our body, on our necks, our cheeks are peeling, and one time she was covered in some kind of spots, and to be honest, I was even scared. The child becomes restless and it is clear that something is bothering him. It all started when we were half a month old. Everyone told me that it was the children who were blooming, everything was fine, but when everything got much worse, we went to the hospital to see a pediatrician, since we don’t have an allergist. She said she was allergic and didn’t know what. In the end, it turned out that it was dairy products (this was understandable, because as soon as I stopped eating milk porridge, cottage cheese, and condensed milk, my cheeks stopped turning red). But a couple of days passed and my cheeks still began to gradually turn red, peel, and pimples appeared on my face, but I still don’t understand why. Sometimes they become smaller, sometimes all my cheeks are covered in pimples. I started writing down what I eat, but I still can’t figure it out. There are no animals at home. Dear doctors, help me understand, I really ask you for one hope: help my child get rid of this disease. Date What I ate complementary foods reaction January 9 4 manti, cape beef. black tea, 100 grams of pilaf The pimples go away a little at a time. There are no new ones. The diarrhea continues but less frequently. January 10, 400 grams of pilaf, black tea, 5 manti, fried crucian carp, baked chicken with potatoes, a piece of cake, 0.5 spoons of cauliflower Diarrhea has passed, while there are no new bumps. before going to bed everything is fine January 11 Pilaf.tea, charlotte, buckwheat, pasta with sauce, sausage. 1 bed of cauliflower In the morning there are no new bumps, if anything 1-2 January 12 Pilaf. tea, pasta sauce, cookies, buckwheat. 2 bananas 2 spoons of cabbage I had diarrhea at night, no new bumps. normal stool, cheerful child January 13 Tea, cookies. banana, buckwheat, banana, green apple, beef meat, French fries, manti, pickles, cookies, 0.5 marshmallows, smoked meat. 4 spoons of cabbage There is no diarrhea in the morning. January 14 Rice with gravy, tea, biscuits, 2 bagels, French fries, beef, smoked meat, salt. cucumbers, marshmallows, banana 8 liters of cabbage. At night, the stool is normal. slight diarrhea in the morning. during the day, stool is average, no bump January 15 Rice with gravy, tea, cookies, marshmallows, cop.meat, 1 piece of chocolate, rabbit with potatoes in mayonnaise 8 liters of cabbage 0.5 jars of applesauce Excellent chair bump no January 16 Noodles, tea , cookies, cop.meat, cow candy, pearl barley porridge. 4 pieces of charlotte 0.5 jars of cabbage. 0.5 bucks of apples The chair is excellent, there are 3 pimples on the neck. The stool is very thick January 17 Perlovka. tea, cookies. card with goose, 1 piece of bread. 2 pieces of charlotte 5 liters of cabbage. + leftovers In the morning, the stool is very thick, the pimples have become larger. January 18 Perloka tea 2 pieces of charlotte liver 3 banana seeds mayonnaise ketchup bread buckwheat cop.meat Jar of cabbage In the morning, the stool is thick. there are pimples January 19 Cookies buckwheat tea sweet bun tomatoes 0.5 liters of zucchini, 4 liters of apples There are pimples, but no more and maybe even less. but there are some pimples on the cheeks, January 20 Greek tea, cookies, smoked meat Remains of a jar of zucchini Diarrhea in the morning allergies also January 21 Greek tea with sugar bread soup lard candy potatoes Thick stool, there is an allergy but not severe In the evening it became more intense January 23 Tea cookies dumplings meat apple The chair is excellent. The pimples look like they are old. in the evening the cheeks turned a little red January 24 Cookies tea potatoes with mayonnaise 2 custard pies cabbage The allergy has not changed. Everything on my face turned red. Gave 5 drops of Zyrtec January 25 Tea, potato biscuits with mayonnaise, tomato, stew. canned salad apple Stool normal cheeks red already in the morning. after washing it faded, gave it Zyrtec. practically nothing left January 26 Tea. cookies, stew, 1 banana, canned salad. apple Pooped thickly, face almost clean. Only old marks remained, they pooped 2 times thinner. In the evening a little bump appeared on the neck

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Causes

To minimize exacerbation of an allergen in infancy, you need to find out its origin. Experts identify a number of causes of allergies in children. These include:

Genetic predisposition. If one of the parents has an allergy, the probability of its manifestation in a child under one year of age or older is very high.
Improper diet of a woman during pregnancy. If throughout the entire period of gestation the expectant mother sinned (smoked, drank alcohol, ate improperly), then the first-born child will have a negative predisposition to allergies.
Overfeeding or changing the baby's diet - early transition from breast milk to artificial feeding, incorrect selection of formula or overeating.
Infectious diseases and medications are also causative agents of allergic rashes in children.
Environmentally unfavorable conditions in the place of residence - pollution of atmospheric air, drinking water, proximity to industrial facilities hazardous to health.

Preventive measures

Allergies last longer and are more severe if additional triggers are present. To reduce the risks of allergic reactions or speed up the treatment of existing symptoms, you must follow a number of simple rules:

In the nursery, a comfortable air temperature should be maintained, not exceeding +20 degrees.
The permissible humidity in the room where the baby lives must be at least 50%.
It is advisable not to use household chemicals when washing the floors in the nursery and for washing the baby’s clothes.
Bathing water must be filtered and boiled.
For care, you must use only hypoallergenic hygiene products without fragrances or bright dyes.
Regular wet cleaning.
In the nursery there should be no carpets with thick and long pile, flowers, or soft toys. Dust quickly accumulates in them.
Clothes for babies also need to be chosen correctly, the fabric is better natural in composition, and the colors are discreet.
Only certified toys made from environmentally friendly materials are suitable for play.
During the feeding period, the mother should carefully monitor her diet.
It is best to start complementary feeding with high-quality natural products produced without chemicals and preservatives.
The child should undergo regular routine examinations with a pediatrician.
If he is still very small, it is not recommended to have pets; it is better to wait until he grows up.

To minimize a child’s tendency to allergies, in the first 2-3 years of his life it is important to completely eliminate or minimize all contacts with potential irritants.

Prevention and regular examinations by pediatricians will help avoid the occurrence of unwanted reactions. If signs of food allergy still make themselves felt, it is necessary to establish the cause as soon as possible and begin treatment.

Symptoms

Even experienced parents do not always know how allergies manifest themselves in children and what disease they can be confused with. In infants, allergic reactions manifest themselves in the form of a small rash on the arms, neck, buttocks, but more often on the face (diathesis).

With severe inflammation, allergy foci are localized in all areas of the skin: forearm, abdomen and legs. The appearance of red spots on the body causes severe itching, the baby is constantly capricious, cries, appetite decreases and sleep is disturbed.

The appearance of dry crusts on the scalp, peeling, urticaria, atopic diathesis, sneezing, conjunctivitis, asthma, swelling in certain areas of the skin - all this indicates allergy symptoms in children.

Sometimes, problems with the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract may arise; the child develops nausea, vomiting, colic (increased accumulation of gases), severe diarrhea (diarrhea) and high fever.

Forms of manifestations

Allergies can have a different course, and this has a direct impact on the symptoms of the disease.

Lightweight

Mild forms of allergies usually manifest themselves in the following types:

limited urticaria - involves damage to the mucous membranes and skin;
allergic conjunctivitis - damage to the conjunctiva of the eyes;
allergic rhinitis - damage to the nasal mucosa. Photo: Hives

READ ALSO: Armpit rashes - what are they, reasons, how to treat armpit rashes

Heavy

Severe forms of allergic reactions pose a real danger to human health and life and require emergency medical care.

These include:

anaphylactic shock – consists of a sharp decrease in blood pressure and problems in microcirculation in organs;
Quincke's edema - manifests itself in the form of a spasm of the respiratory muscles and the onset of suffocation, which poses a real danger to life;
generalized urticaria – accompanied by the development of intoxication syndrome. Photo: Quincke's edema

What types of allergies exist in children?

Varieties of the allergic type are distinguished by the body's reaction and the form of skin irritation.

Respiratory allergosis is a group of diseases affecting the lower and upper respiratory tract. Most often, allergies manifest themselves in children aged 2 to 4 years, in the form of headaches, excessive mucus discharge from the nasopharynx and sneezing. The irritants are aggressive components (household chemicals, cosmetics), as well as infectious and non-infectious allergens.
Atopic dermatitis (AD, eczema) is the most common manifestation of allergies on the skin of children, as well as adults who have a genetic predisposition to allergic disorders. The source of inflammation in children can be the neck, the back of the head, but more often rashes appear on the arms, stomach and cheeks.
Bronchial asthma (atopic and non-atopic) is a type of allergy that is difficult to distinguish from the common cold. In the acute form, the child experiences suffocation, frequent seizures, a dry cough and a rash on the skin.
Hives. When a food allergen enters a child’s body, its protective function begins to produce a lot of histamine. As a result, swelling and rashes appear on the skin of children - large blisters. Sometimes, allergies with hives cause swelling of the throat, general malaise, nausea and vomiting.
Hay fever. Allergic exacerbations in children are observed in spring and summer, and a little less often in the autumn. The main cause of the disease is plant pollen. At the first symptoms, weakness, swelling of the respiratory mucosa, itching and burning of the eyes appear.

How to relieve allergic reactions?

The allergic reaction worsens in spring. This is explained by the fact that in the spring the human body may suffer from a lack of vitamins. Vitamin deficiency reduces the body's overall resistance in the spring.

Increased irritation may be caused by increased ultraviolet radiation, especially for those with dry, sensitive skin.

In spring, when trees such as poplar, birch, and grass bloom, allergic diseases of the mucous membranes of the eyes and oral cavity occur.

In the summer, food allergies associated with the consumption of berries worsen. After eating berries intolerable to the body, red spots and blisters of urticaria appear on the skin of the face, accompanied by itching and burning.

To eliminate skin rashes, it is worth eliminating the underlying disease that provokes it.

Such diseases include:

Hives. Its manifestation is a rash that appears in response to a physical or chemical factor. It can be either acute or chronic.
Atopic dermatitis. It most often occurs in childhood, with symptoms similar to food allergies. The disease can last for many years.
Eczema. It can complicate the course of chronic purulent diseases and is of neuroallergic origin.
Lyell and Steven-Johnson syndromes. Due to the administration of certain drugs, serious complications arise, which manifest themselves as tissue necrosis of a large area of skin.
Toxicoderma. Diseases that develop from various chemical compounds entering the body often have domestic and professional origins.

Immediate help for the appearance of rashes on the face is to:

cleansing the affected area;
then a cool compress based on a decoction of sage, calendula or chamomile should be applied to the cleansed skin;
gauze needs to be changed every two minutes;
the total duration of the procedure should be ten minutes;
after this, the face can be dried and sprinkled with potato or rice starch - these products will help eliminate redness and swelling;
the procedure must be repeated several times within an hour.

Last time we talked about what moles are and is it possible to use a mesoscooter to treat them?
What is an allergic reaction?

This is the job of your immune system to protect you from foreign substances that could make you sick. It does this by creating antibodies. Sometimes your immune system identifies foreign bodies as harmful even when they are not. Common allergens include bee venom, pollen, and animal dander.

An overreaction of the body may cause mild symptoms such as skin irritation, watery eyes, sneezing, spots, skin rashes, sunburn, heat rash, etc. An allergic reaction can also lead to anaphylaxis. This is a severe reaction that can lead to shortness of breath and cardiac arrest.

Treatment of minor allergic reactions

Minor allergic reactions are safe and can be treated at home. Antiallergic drugs can be bought at pharmacies without a prescription. Antihistamines and decongestants may help relieve breathing problems.

These medications are usually available in the form of tablets, eye drops, and nasal sprays. Swelling, redness and itching can be reduced with the use of ice and creams that contain corticosteroids. Paracetamol may reduce pain.

If symptoms persist, your doctor may prescribe stronger medications.

Most of us have minor reactions to insect bites. If you are bitten by an insect, you need to remove the sting (if there is one). Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water. Apply ice to reduce swelling. You can use acetaminophen to relieve pain. Insects are not the only “summer problem”.

A jellyfish that suddenly swims up and stings can ruin a perfectly calm day at the beach. The skin around the bite site may become swollen and red, causing pain and itching. If you have a bad encounter with a jellyfish, rinse the area with seawater for 30 minutes. This neutralizes toxins. Ice can also soothe the skin and reduce pain.

Use hydrocortisone cream and an antihistamine to reduce swelling.

Once you have an allergic reaction, it is very important to determine the source so that you can avoid it in the future.
Tips to get rid of skin allergies with home remedies:
Milk

Milk has a soothing and cooling effect on the skin. This helps get rid of sunburn and prickly heat. Apply unboiled milk to cotton swabs and leave it on your face for 15-20 minutes. Rinse off with plain water.

Sandalwood powder removes acne marks and blemishes from the skin. It is a natural cleanser. Mix one teaspoon of sandalwood powder with an equal amount of rose water (Rose water is a traditional cosmetic product.

It is widely used to cleanse the face and gives the skin freshness, eliminates dryness, flaking, a feeling of skin tightness, irritation, and inflammation. Rose water is a natural, aromatic antiseptic) to make a paste.

Azadirachta is an antifungal and antibacterial agent. It is especially useful for treating acute skin allergies. Mix ¼ teaspoon of neem fruit powder (nimboli) with sandalwood powder and raw milk. Apply the paste to the affected area and leave it until it dries. Soak a cotton swab in rose water and wipe the paste off your face.

Neema leaves are also known for their healing properties in cases of skin allergies. Boil a few neem leaves in 1 liter of water and use it to rinse your face and other parts of the body to get rid of allergies.

To achieve the best result, we recommend deep penetration Hyaluronic Acid “QYANF” (10 ml). Moisturizing, whitening, rejuvenating effect
Read the continuation in the next part.
More information in the "NEWS" section

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Timely first aid for allergies can save a person’s life. After all, this is a fairly serious disease, which is often accompanied by dangerous symptoms.

Therefore, if any life-threatening signs appear, you should call an ambulance and take the necessary measures before its arrival.

Allergies can have a different course, and this has a direct impact on the symptoms of the disease.

Lightweight

Mild forms of allergies usually manifest themselves in the following types:

limited urticaria - involves damage to the mucous membranes and skin;
allergic conjunctivitis - damage to the conjunctiva of the eyes;
allergic rhinitis - damage to the nasal mucosa.

Hives

Heavy

Severe forms of allergic reactions pose a real danger to human health and life and require emergency medical care.

anaphylactic shock – consists of a sharp decrease in blood pressure and problems in microcirculation in organs;
Quincke's edema - manifests itself in the form of a spasm of the respiratory muscles and the onset of suffocation, which poses a real danger to life;
generalized urticaria – accompanied by the development of intoxication syndrome. Quincke's edema

When mild allergic reactions develop, the following symptoms usually appear:

slight itching on the skin in the area of contact with the allergen;
lacrimation and slight itching in the eye area;
unexpressed redness of a limited area of the skin;
slight swelling or swelling;
runny nose and nasal congestion;
constant sneezing;
the appearance of blisters in the area of the insect bite.

If such symptoms occur, you need to do the following sequence of actions:

thoroughly rinse the area of contact with the allergen with warm water - nose, mouth, skin;
avoid contact with the allergen;
if the allergy is associated with an insect bite and a sting remains in the affected area, it must be carefully removed;
apply a cool compress to the itchy area of the body;
take an anti-allergy drug – loratadine, Zyrtec, Telfast.

If a person’s condition worsens, you should contact an ambulance or go to a medical facility yourself.

There are allergy symptoms that require immediate medical attention:

breathing problems, shortness of breath;
spasms in the throat, a feeling of closing the airways;
nausea and vomiting;
pain in the abdomen;
hoarseness, speech problems;
swelling, redness, itching of large areas of the body;
weakness, dizziness, feeling of anxiety;
increased heart rate and palpitations;
loss of consciousness.

In acute forms of allergies, very specific symptoms arise that require urgent medical attention.

Quincke's edema

This is a fairly common form of allergy in people, and it is most often observed in young women.

The patient experiences swelling of the subcutaneous tissue and mucous membranes. When the throat is swollen, problems with breathing and swallowing appear.

If medical assistance is not provided in time, a person may die from suffocation.

The main symptoms of angioedema include the following:

breathing problems;
hoarseness and cough;
epileptic seizure;
asphyxia;
swelling of the skin.

Hives

With the development of urticaria, bright pink blisters appear on the skin, which are accompanied by burning and itching.
After a few hours they turn pale and then disappear completely.
Along with the development of these symptoms, headaches and fever appear.

This process can continue continuously or have a wave-like course over several days.

In some cases it lasts for several months.

Allergies are scary primarily because of their suddenness and high probability of death. The threat of an absurd death from a mosquito bite, a wasp, a bee, a bumblebee or a spoonful of strawberry jam hangs over each of us. You can predict who will become the next victim and to what specific substance such a reaction will occur with the same degree of success as guessing all six numbers of the Russian Lotto.

Treatment

A child has allergies - what to do? A question that is familiar to many parents. Pediatricians advise not to panic, but to seek advice from a doctor. Only a specialist can recognize the signs of allergies and prescribe drug therapy.

First of all, when treating allergies in children, a laboratory blood test is prescribed. This procedure will determine the cause of the allergic rash. In children under 3 years of age, blood is not tested. This is due to the imperfection of the immune system and the inability to identify the allergen.

To determine the type of allergen during remission (course of the disease), skin tests or provocative tests can be performed. As for the last type of immunotherapy, taking an allergy test is possible in the following cases:

children over 3 years old, in order to avoid any complications;
if no more than 4 weeks have passed since the first symptoms of the disease appeared;

To get rid of allergies, the doctor may prescribe drugs to reduce allergen intoxication (antibiotics), anti-inflammatory ointments, hormonal creams (Fenistil, Gistan, Elokom), enterosorbents (Smecta, activated carbon) and antihistamines (Polysorb).

Homeopathic remedies

Often allergies that appeared in childhood have a “recurrent nature.” Modern medicine has adapted to treat this phenomenon with the help of homeopathic medicines that effectively combat external irritants. The choice of medications is selected taking into account the individual characteristics of the child and the nature of the disease.

To treat allergic rashes with homeopathy, the following drugs can be used: “Rus 3”, “Sulfur”, “Borex 6”, “Dulcamara 4” and others. The advantage is that they do not contain chemical elements, and the effect on the body increases mobility and improves the child’s immune system. The downside is the long recovery process, although relief occurs from the moment you take the medication. Despite the popularity of the method, the final decision remains with the parents.

How to treat allergies

What to do if you have allergies? First of all, it is necessary to avoid exposure to the allergen. For example, preventing seasonal pollen allergies involves staying at home as much as possible during the flowering period, with windows and doors closed and high-purity filters installed on the air conditioner. Eliminating the effects of allergens on the body in many cases allows you to get rid of allergies.

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The drugs will not help get rid of allergies, but in most cases they will alleviate the symptoms of this disease. Antiallergic medications affect the immune system and reduce the release of substances responsible for the symptoms of the disease. The doctor may prescribe anti-allergy medications to the patient in the form of tablets, nasal sprays, inhalers, eye drops or liquids, or injections.

First of all, antihistamines are used for allergies. These are very effective medications. First generation antihistamines - Tavegil, Suprastin, Diphenhydramine. They usually act very quickly, but have a number of side effects, such as neurological symptoms - weakness, fatigue, drowsiness.

Drugs such as fexofenadine, loratadine, cetirizine, levocetirizine belong to the new generation of antiallergic drugs. For the most part, these are not cheap tablets, however, they are more effective than first-generation drugs. Most importantly, they are more suitable for the treatment of chronic allergic manifestations.

But it may happen that treating chronic allergies with antihistamines does not bring the desired effect. How to treat allergies in such a case? As a rule, then they resort to the use of hormonal drugs belonging to the class of glucocorticosteroids. These drugs include hydrocortisone, betamethasone, prednisolone, and dexomethasone.

In most cases, these drugs are used externally - in the form of hormonal ointments and creams. There are also hormonal allergy pills. However, in order to avoid severe side effects, hormonal antiallergic tablets should be taken in short courses and only as prescribed by a doctor.

Other methods

The doctor may also suggest immunotherapy. In this type of allergy treatment, the patient's body is deliberately exposed to the allergen in small doses, usually over a period of several years. The allergen is introduced into the body in the form of 1 tablet under the tongue or injection. In some cases, this can cure allergies forever.

Keeping a diary is useful for monitoring allergic manifestations. It is advisable to make notes every day, noting your condition after exposure to certain substances. This will help both identify existing allergies and avoid exacerbation of allergies.

If the allergy is severe and threatens severe reactions such as anaphylactic shock, then you must constantly wear a medical bracelet and an automatic injector with adrenaline.

Folk remedies and home treatment can significantly alleviate some of the symptoms of the disease. Many medicinal herbs can compete with cheap antiallergic drugs. However, folk remedies are unlikely to help cure allergies forever.

As mentioned earlier, skin allergies manifest themselves due to a violent reaction of the immune system to hostile antigens, which for various reasons may end up in the human body. When the immune system is unable to cope with them, a reaction occurs that appears in the form of a rash on the skin. This occurs due to the immune system being too sensitive to certain pathogens (food, chemicals, cosmetics, etc.).

The course of allergy treatment involves the prescription of first-generation drugs, sometimes together with second-generation drugs. Often medications cause side effects such as drowsiness and slight mental fog. Let's find out more about some of these drugs:

Diphenhydramine. An effective remedy that can eliminate allergic reactions on the skin. After using this drug, not only traces of the lesion disappear, but also cough, runny nose and vomiting disappear. Side effects: drowsiness, difficulty urinating, dry mucous membrane;
Suprastin. Provides treatment for urticaria, dermatitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, eliminates itching. However, the therapeutic effect is fleeting;
Tavegil. An excellent remedy for combating itching and redness of the skin;
Peritol. A good remedy that is aimed at eliminating hives and treating an allergic reaction to cold. In addition to eliminating the symptoms of the disease, the drug relieves headaches, migraines and significantly increases appetite;

Second generation drugs include the following:

Claritin. The advantage of this medicine is its good compatibility with other medications and the absence of such side effects as drowsiness. Works well in the fight against allergic reactions.
Zyrtec. It also fights allergic manifestations on the skin and is perfectly excreted by the kidneys.
Fenistil. The properties of the drug and the duration of its action are close to first-generation medications. The difference is a mild sedative effect, which causes drowsiness and excessive sedation after taking medications.

Traditional methods

Allergy attacks in one-month-old children and preschoolers can be relieved using folk remedies. Herbal decoctions are used to treat allergic skin rashes. A recipe made from bay leaves and rose hips helps to remove allergens from the body and normalize the functioning of the nervous system.

To prepare the decoction you will need: 1 liter of boiled water, 200 grams of rose hips and 3 bay leaves. The infusion should infuse for 2-3 days, after which it can be given to the child to drink. Dosage for children after 3 months: 1-2 teaspoons 2-3 times a day.

After the first month of use, the drinking dose can be gradually increased, bringing it to 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day. Typically, the course of treatment with tincture lasts about six months.

The second recipe is ground chicken egg shell. Take 1 chicken egg, wash thoroughly, wipe dry and finely chop in a blender. Place the crushed powder on the tip of a teaspoon and quench with lemon juice. Give to children after 6 months, 2 times a day. You can get rid of allergies using this folk method within 3 months.

When does a food allergy go away?

The first symptoms of food allergies appear very quickly in infants. Skin rashes appear literally an hour after consuming the allergen, but the intestines react to the irritant more slowly - within a couple of days. If you calculate the time it takes for a baby’s allergy to go away, you will need to be patient. After eliminating allergens, it takes 1 to 3 weeks to completely get rid of all symptoms. The speed of recovery depends on a whole list of factors:

The volume of irritant entering the body.
How quickly the allergy was noticed and treatment started.
Is the irritant excluded from the diet and when?
General state of immunity. The healthier the body, the shorter allergic reactions last.

Food allergies usually go away after two years of age. By the age of 3-4, the vast majority of children have no allergic reaction to milk, eggs, citrus fruits, chocolate, etc. But to fish and nuts (especially peanuts) it is much more serious and usually remains with the person for life. Even a small dose of allergens (and in the case of fish, sometimes the smell also affects) at any age can lead to Quincke's edema and anaphylactic shock.

Water treatments

Is it possible to bathe a child with allergies? Doctors have no special prohibitions on this question. If there is a need for bathing, then to reduce the effect of the allergen on children's skin, it is necessary to add a decoction of chamomile, oregano or string to the water.

Note to moms! The use of cosmetics and bathing a child in chlorinated water is strictly prohibited. Use baby soap and shampoo in extremely rare cases.

It is recommended to take baths with herbal decoction no more than 2-3 times a week for 5-7 minutes. The water in the bath should be boiled and not lower than 37 degrees.

Nutrition

The main task in the treatment of allergies in infants is the elimination of allergen irritants.

Breastfeeding is the basic need of a child’s body from birth to 1 year. In addition, breast milk improves immunity and is devoid of allergic properties.

In case of lactose deficiency, each child is given a diet based on individual tolerance. Pediatricians recommend giving lactose-free, hypoallergenic formulas based on soy proteins to infants up to 6 months of age. For children after six months, breastfeeding can be partially combined with low-lactose formulas.

If your baby is allergic to cow's milk and it is impossible to continue breastfeeding, you should purchase a special adapted formula.

During the period of allergic exacerbation, a nursing mother must follow a special hypoallergenic diet. Chicken and quail eggs, dairy products, honey, chocolate, sweets, coffee, cocoa, nuts, fish, as well as all varieties of brightly colored vegetables and fruits that have a high allergenic effect should be removed from the diet.

Also, in order to normalize digestion and intestinal flora in a child, it is necessary to reduce the consumption of carbohydrates from the menu:

cereal products (all types of white bread);
pasta;
syrups;
sugar.

The duration of preventive diet therapy depends on the mother’s balanced diet and the baby’s general condition. If the dynamics are positive, the nursing mother is prescribed a maintenance diet, with the gradual introduction of previously excluded products into the menu.

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